Printing Machinery Purchase Guide

Before buying the equipment, you must make full preparations and decide carefully. The specific preparations are in the following aspects. If these tasks can be done frequently or regularly, it is better to use the Buddha’s feet to temporarily hold the equipment.

Introduction to printing machinery

Modern printing machines are generally composed of loading, ink, pressing, paper feeding, and other institutions. When working at work, the text and images to be printed into prints are made into prints, packed on the printing machine, and then painted the ink on the printing version of the text and images by an artificial or printing machine, and then transferred directly or indirectly to Paper or other marks, thereby copying the same printed materials as the printing version.
Printing surgery was first invented in China. The printed books have appeared in China since the ninth century, and then the printing of Chinese invented in China has been passed on to countries around the world. The invention and development of the printing machine play an important role in the spread of human civilization and culture.

What are the printing types of equipment?

1. According to the layout type: convex printing machine, flat version printing machine, concave printing machine, hole version printing machine;
2. According to the size of the paper: flat paper or single paper printing machine, roll paper printing machine;
3. According to the printing color number: monochrome printing machine, two-color printing machine, multi-color printing machine;
4. According to the printing surface, it is divided into “eight open printing machines, four open printing machines, turning on a printing machine, full printing machine, super full printing machine, etc.;
5. Although there are many ways to classify the printing machine, the core part of the printing machine is the printing mechanism of the printing device. Three types of compression types.

Flat-Flat printing machine

The structural characteristics of the flat-pressure flat printing machine are that the installation mechanism and the printed mechanism are flat.
During printing, the printed version of the main axis is swapped around the main axis to complete the paper-in-in-law and pressing. Because the ink and pressure printing versions of the text are all in contact, the pressing time is long and the pressure on the printed matter is large.
The flat pressure flat printing machine, has a small volume, slow printing speed, low production efficiency, and applying printing surface.
Small prints, such as greeting cards, invitations, books and magazines, envelopes, labels, etc. Such printed machines include live-type machines, copper zinc version prototypes, and discs.

Round-Round printing machine

It is also called a rotary printed machine. Its structural characteristics are that the loading mechanism and the printing mechanism are cylindrical drums, cylindrical.
Installed agency, commonly known as the printing roller.
During printing, the printed drum is carried with the printed matter, and the printing is rotated by the opposite direction relative to the printed drum. Due to the short contact between the printing drum and the printing version of the drum, the pressure applied to the printed matter is smaller than that of the circular printed machine.
The round-round printing machine uses the interoperability of the roller and the printing roller to make a press and pressing. The movement is stable, the structure is simple, and the printing speed is fast. If the printing device is combined and designed as a satellite or unit-style printing machine, double-sided and multi-color printing can also be performed, and the production efficiency is high. Such printing machines are currently used most, including flat-version printing machines, concave printing machines, flexible version of printing machines and printing books, newspapers, high -speed roll paper printing machines. According to the layout type, it is divided into a convex printing printer, a flat version printing machine, a concave printing machine, and a hole version printing machine.

Convex printing machine

The convex printing machine is the oldest printing machine. The graphic part of its printing surface is raised, and the blank part is concave. When the machine works, the rubber roller with ink is rolled over the print surface, and the raised graphic part is stained with a uniform ink layer, while the blank part of the recessed does not stick to the ink. The pressure agency transferred the ink to the surface of the print, so as to obtain a clear imprint and copy the required printed matter.
The convex printing machine mainly includes three types: flat -voltage, flat voltage flat, and round pressure.
The flat-convex version printing machine, is also known as a flat pressure printing machine. It is equipped with a printing version and a printing mechanism. When working, the printing version is fully exposed to the printing tablet. The total pressure of the machine at one time is relatively large, and the relative printed time is longer. This printing machine requires the flat version and the flat plate flat, and the printing is not large; the circular voltage convex version printing machine is also called the platform printing machine. Essence When the machine works, the section is moved to the restrictions of the printing speed, so the output is not high; the circular voltage convex version printing machine is also called a rotary printed machine. It is equipped with a circular roller with the printing version and the pressure printed mechanism. When the machine works, the printed roller moves with printed objects and contacts the printing roller. Pressing the roller and the printing roller rotate continuously, so the productivity is high.

Platform printing machine

The graphic part of the printing version of the printing machine is almost the same as the blank part. It uses the principle of water and oil to reprimand to make the graphic part of water resistance and oil, and the blank part of the oil anti-waterproof pro -hydrophobic instead of ink. Under the action of the pressure, the ink of the ink part is transferred to the surface of the printed material to complete the printing process.
After the indirect printing method, the flat version of the printing machine has developed rapidly, and there are many varieties. For example, the miniature plastic printer of the office printing machine, large, multi-color, high-speed book newspaper magazine rubber printing wheels, used for flat paper or roll paper A single-sided or double-sided flat printing machine. Among them, monochrome printing machines and roll paper rubber printers are representative. The flat version printing machine has been widely used in electronic computer control devices, which is becoming more advanced. Edition equipment has also developed to the use of electronic color division machines, and pre-coated sensor is widely used.

Concave printing machine

The main feature of the concave printing machine is the graphic part of the printing version, the blank part is raised, which is the opposite of the layout structure of the convex printing machine. When the machine is printed, the printing version is immersed in the ink slot and rolled, and the entire printing version is covered with an ink printing mechanical layer. Then, the ink layer of the printing version belonging to the blank part is scraped off, the protruding part forms blank, and the concave part is filled with the ink. The deeper the ink layer is thicker. The machine transferred the concave part to the printed in the stress to obtain the printed matter.
When the printed multi-color uses a pumping method or an indirect local ink method, the ink of various colors is distributed on the relevant part of the printing surface according to needs. There are two main types of prints used in the concave printing machine, one is the concave version, that is, the shadow version; the other is the carving version. The carving version of the carving has methods such as hand-carved carving, mechanical carving, and electronic carving.

Screen printing machine

The screen printing machine belongs to the more representative printing equipment in the hole printing machine. Its printing version is a silk mesh woven from real silk and other materials. A variety of screen printing machines such as plane, curved surface, forming, printing and dyeing, printing circuits, and new rotations have been produced. Among them, the speed and productivity of the new rotor wire printing machine are relatively high. It is characterized by installing the wire mesh.
On the tube, the ink is poured into the drum. When the machine works, the drum rotates, and the rubber scraper is printed quickly to the printed.
In addition to the silk mesh, nylon wires, copper wires, steel wires or stainless steel wires can also be used. The principle of holes printing by the silk printing machine originated from ancient template printing. There are many forms such as writing, hollowed outlets, and screen printing in hole printing.
Screen printing was initially hand-made, at the time there was only one version of the frame, a silk mesh version and a template. The machinery and automation were not realized until the 1950s. The roller screen printing machine is printed with a large amount of ink, which is suitable for printing the thick printing of the ink layer. It can be printed on a variety of paper, glass, wooden boards, metals, ceramics, plastics, or cloth. Metal ink.

Preparation before buying

Survey in the printing market

Before purchasing printing machinery, we must consider the current and future market changes and demand development. To investigate the market’s situation carefully, not only should there be investigations and research on the basic development trends at home and abroad and the region, but also the market capacity, especially the investigation and research of the market capacity occupied by the company.
Market survey mainly includes:
① The development and change of the printing market;
② The development trends and changes of prints;
③ The development trend and change of electronic media and printing media;
④ The development trend and change of printing equipment;
⑤ Study the regional characteristics and market segmentation of this company.

Analysis of corporate strategic positioning and advantages and disadvantages

There are very important differences in printing companies with different strategic positioning. For example, book printing is within the scope of the publisher (agency) to meet their needs, especially to meet their production capacity and time requirements. In order to make up for the unequal leisure library and make full use of the equipment capabilities of the idle time, usually, book and printing companies also need to contract some tasks. The timeliness of newspapers is very important. Packaging printing and commercial printing, mainly depends on the market. Due to the limits of publishers, it is usually more optimized to adapt to digital printing in market demand in China, thereby reducing costs. But whether there is a stable living source has become the main problem.
Due to the diversification of product varieties and specifications, and special requirements for certain products, different types of printing machinery often requires different types of printing machinery. In order to reduce the types and specifications of printing machinery and improve their utilization rate, a company should study determining the grade of one or several products and their specifications and the grade of this type of print. That is to determine the strategic positioning of the enterprise.

Selection of printing methods

Here we introduce the characteristics of common printing methods for reference when choosing.

1. Offset printing

The current ink China’s inkjet machines are widely used with water offset printing.
(1) The main advantages of offset printing: process, equipment, and supporting raw and auxiliary materials have been completely mature. The quality of printing is good and the cost is low. In various printing methods, rubber printing is the most ideal method for copying color images replication. It is rich in order, clear levels, clear outlets, color coordination, and real nature. In the production of the printing version, especially the CTP version of the wine packaging technology, the production technology of the plastic printing version is the most mature, the glue printing period is short, the efficiency is high, and the cost is low.
(2) The main disadvantages of offset printing: The process must be complicated, and the relationship between plastic printer, printing, paper, ink, ink, ink, and printing environment must be treated. Secondly, the ink layer of plastic printing is not as thick as the concave and net printing. Again, glue printing is largely printed on plastic film (currently printed on plastic sheets).
A comprehensive version of the design, the advantages of rubber printing are far greater than the disadvantages and are the most widely used printing method in various printing methods.

2. Concave marks

(1) The main advantages of concave printing: are full ink color with three-dimensional sense, stable printing quality, and long printed life. Suitable for large quantity printing. The gravure printing equipment is simpler than the plastic printer. You can print the paper-based and extremely thin plastic film. Injector
(2) The main disadvantages of concave seals: are the complex version of the version, the supporting version of the equipment is multi-image processing, and the price is high. Secondly, concave printing is polluted by phenyl-containing ink, which is harmful to the human body. The printing workshop must be installed with ventilation equipment.
Due to the advancement of technology, cavities are constantly improving. The application of the laser carvings and the digestion of the digest computer directly (CTP) and the gradual promotion of the mold cutting pressure marks of the concave printing of the concave marks are gradually solved. The solution to the important issues of concave marks, whether it will reverse the decline in the cavity process, needs to be tested by practice.
At present, in domestic packaging printing, in order to adapt to the development of inkjets of small batches and varieties, many printing plants are considering or adopting a combination of single-paper concave printers and rubber printers. This is a noteworthy issue.

3. Flexo printing

At present, flexo printing is made of photosensitive resin and rubber, and its hardness and thickness should be compatible with the printing materials and printing colors.
(1) The main advantages of flexo printing:
① wide application scope and bearing materials.
② Water-based ink is generally used. Non-toxic and pollution, especially suitable for packaging and printing.
③ The equipment structure is simple, easy to operate, and it is easy to form a production line. At present, most of the flexo of the printing machine is connected to the processing processes such as cash, light, cutting, cutting, mold cutting, indentation, punching, window opening, etc. screen printing and digital printing have formed production lines.
④ The cost of printing is low. With the flexo of printing equipment and its vessels and raw and auxiliary materials in China, the cost will gradually decrease.
(2) The main problems of flexo printing:
① Flexible version of printing and raw and auxiliary materials are far from domestic localized production.
② Question standardization of process. There are more variables that affect the flexible version of printing, and it is difficult to achieve standardization and data.
③ Select equipment and prints carefully: A device is not universal. It is not possible to print the products of rubber and cavities. The product design should be improved according to the characteristics of the flexible version printing.

4. Screen printing

Screen printing can get a thick ink film (usually 20 to 100 μm and plastic printing is only 0.5 to 2 μm). Because the ink film is thick, the wine packaging and the screen printing machine must be equipped with a dry device.
Screen printing is often used for textile materials, toys, electrical equipment shells, instrument panels, signs, printing circuit boards, large surface advertisements and posters, packaging printed products, curved objects, and some crafts.
(1) The main advantages of network printing:
① The range of applications and printing materials is wide.
② The ink layer is thick.
③ It can be combined with an electrolytic process, minting process, burning process, and plastic molding process to produce different types of artworks.
(2) The main problems of the net print:
① It is difficult to print half a semi-tone printed with high accuracy.
② Low equipment speed and low printing efficiency.

5. Digital printing

It is mainly used for personalization and printing on demand.
(1) The main advantage of digital printing
① It can meet all kinds of personalized and on-demand printing requirements. It can be printed from one (serving) to thousands of (sections) and printing;
② It can be realized in the printed process that each piece of information is different from variable printing;
③ In the case where the number of printing is small, the printing time is reported that the printing price is lower than that of traditional printing;
④ The current printing quality can meet the general requirements of the public.
(2) The main problem of digital printing:
① Not adapt to a large quantity of printing;
② Cannot meet fine high-quality requirements;
③ The price of equipment and equipment is high.
(3) Classification of digital printing.
① Figures and text printing: Mainly the traditional printing version of the mechanism version, that is, the front and printing integration. The characteristic is that after each printing version is done, the graphic information is recorded and cannot be wiped away. However, because all prints are used in the same printing version, the printing quality is stable. The unchanged text printing machine, because the version and printing and printing are both on the same machine, the equipment price is highly packaged, and the printing cannot be printed during the plate making, and the printing efficiency is low. Suitable for small quantities and fast printing. Ink Balance.
② Variable graphic printing: There is a medium imaging carrier variable graphic printing, and the interior imaging carrier (printing version) can repeat the imaging. The graphic cannot be recorded but can be wiped away. Each printing needs to be re-made. Even the printed graphics and text are the same film, and they need to print one “print version”. Therefore, the decisive factor affecting the quality of printing and its stability is the quality of imaging. At the same time, the accuracy and consistency of the ink (ink powder) transfer also have an important impact on printing quality.
No intermediate imaging carrier is printed with variable graphics, and its imaging substance is controlled by the computer directly to the printing material (paper).
Variable graphic printing is suitable for printed printing Adobe, such as commercial bills, bills, reports, lottery, direct mail printing, call bills, etc.
③ Constant and variable graphic printing: The graphic of the intermediate imaging carrier can be recorded or wiped as needed. When printing the printed product of the same graphic, the “print version” graphic can be recorded. When you need to print other graphic prints, the “print version” graphic can be wiped away and remade the “version” on the original drum. It can achieve continuous printing with the same graphics and texts according to needs.

6. Combined printing

Each printing method has its own characteristics. So the cover combines different types of printing methods, and the combination of printing method of longevity and shortcomings appeared.
(1) Combination printing method.
① Combination printing is composed of traditional printing methods: that is, different combinations of rubber printing, concave printing, convex printing, flexible version printing, and net printing;
② Combination printing composed of digital printing: a combination of different digital printing methods;
③ Combined printing of traditional printing and digital printing.
(2) The main problems of the current printing:
① Printing the printing of printed and ink. Different printing methods have different printing requirements for printing. The combined printing requirements can adapt to different printing methods. Different printing methods have different inks. Whether the stacking of different inks should be tested in advance.
② The printing speed of various printing methods in the combination printing method is different, and it can only be low in the entire printing system. This affects the printing efficiency of the equipment.
③ Standardization issues. Different printing methods have different printing process standards, and different printing methods have different design standards. The application of combined printing brings process standards and equipment standards.

Printing machine purchases should be dealt with in all kinds of relationships

1. The relationship between large machines and small and medium-sized machines
   Specialized production enterprises with small varieties and large batches usually buy large equipment. Multi -varieties of small-scale production enterprises usually buy small and medium-sized equipment. Multi-small and medium-sized equipment can be packaged using different food packaging of small and medium-sized equipment and configuration to better meet the needs of market changes and multi-batch production. Although large-scale equipment is high efficiency and low cost, there are also risks. There are three main risks. It is difficult to adapt to product changes. The phenomenon of a big horse car may occur. The system reliability problem is Le Kai Erjiao. Once a problem occurs, the machine may cause serious seriousness. Consequences; one-time investments.
2. The relationship between single paper and roll paper printing machine
   Which type of printing machine is selected depends mainly on the number of printing printed products. Generally speaking, a single paper printing machine is characterized by large printing faces, but low efficiency, suitable for occasions with a large number of types of printing and relatively small printing volume. For example, single paper adhesive printers are more suitable for about 2000-200,000 prints. The characteristics of the roll paper printing machine are the printing market for printing the surface, but the efficiency is high and suitable for occasions with relatively large printing volumes. For example, roll paper plastic printers are more suitable for about 100,000-500,000 prints. Online publishing
3. The relationship between digital printing and traditional printing
   (1) Different scope of application. Digital printing is suitable for small-scale, on-demand printing (such as a small amount of printing, meeting minutes, briefing, etc.) and the printing of bills, documents such as reports, lottery, banking, and insurance. Traditional printing is suitable for a large number of prints.
   (2) Different costs. The cost of digital printing has nothing to do with the number of printing or its impact of it. The traditional printing cost has a large relationship with the number of printing. Therefore, when the amount of printing is small, the cost of digital printing is low; when the amount of printing is large, the cost of traditional printing is low.
   (3) Different printing quality. High-quality fine printing of the manuscript also needs to be printed in traditional printing.
   (4) The printing cycle is different. When the number of printing is small, digital printing has the advantages of high efficiency and short cycle. When there is a certain amount of printing (large and large), traditional printing has an advantage.
   (5) The efficiency of digital printing machines is low and the price is high. Digital printing is actually an integrated printing machine in front of printed and printing, that is, a machine has both a plate-making device and a printing device. Editions and printing are alternate, CTFs during printing, version-making devices are idle, and the version of the version is stopped. This determines that the efficiency of digital printing machines is never as high as a single version of equipment and a single printing machine, and at the same time, the manufacturing cost of digital printing machines is high.
4. The relationship between high, medium, and low-grade equipment
   There are too much low-grade equipment and less investment, but it cannot print high-end printed materials, which also affects the development and reputation of the enterprise. There is too much high-end equipment, and not only the investment but also the production cost will increase. Properly handling the configuration relationship of the high, medium, and low-grade equipment is one of the keys to improving corporate efficiency. Here we should emphasize the relationship between imported equipment and domestic equipment. If domestic equipment cannot meet the quality requirements of high-end fine printing materials, or the time-effective (such as reporting time) requirements, high-end advanced equipment should be imported, but the number of corporate funds should be considered, the corresponding high-end fine printing volume, and the amount of fine fine prints, and the amount of high -end fine prints, and the amount of fine fine prints, and the amount of fine fine prints, and the amount of fine fine prints, and the amount of fine fine prints, and the amount of fine fine prints, and the amount of fine fine prints, and the amount of fine fine prints, and the amount of fine fine prints, and the amount of fine fine prints, and the amount of fine fine prints, and the amount of fine fine prints, and the amount of fine fine prints, and the amount of fine fine prints, and the amount of fine fine prints, and the amount of printing of high -end fine prints. Whether the operator and management adapt, depreciation costs, imported supporting printing materials, and spare parts and maintenance costs. In short, it should be more strictly reviewing its input-output ratio. The phenomenon of importing machines just for the phenomenon of “face” and “living” should be thought about deeply. Injector
5. Advanced technical issues
   The principle of dealing with this issue first considers the positioning of its own company. The advanced equipment technology is advanced, of course, it is good to love color, but it must have products, operators, management levels, and economic strength, otherwise, it is impossible to give full play to the effectiveness of high-end equipment, and it is impossible to have high benefits. In particular, the development of technology is changing with each other now, and the update period of printing equipment is greatly shortened. If the quality and management of the operator cannot keep up with the font, and there is no sufficient printing source of the printing, it is likely that the machine has not played a role, and it will be updated or eliminated. Essence The most typical is the pre-seal equipment. In the past, many electric extensions were replaced by the desktop system before they played. A considerable part of the CTP device typography did not give full play and faced a situation that needed to be updated. Similarly, a considerable part of the high-end printing equipment we imported because there are no high-end fine prints or due to the quality of the operator. When it is necessary to print high-end products, these devices are facing an updated situation due to wear or technology to improve the printing technology. These situations fully show that in the issue of advanced technology, the spirit of seeking truth from facts should be selected according to the actual situation of the enterprise.
6. Supporting and personnel issues of new and old equipment
   In addition to dealing with the above-mentioned various relationships, the systemic and matching Man Roland of the new equipment and the original equipment should also be considered in the enterprise. Cost and production cycle requirements. When purchasing special equipment (such as large surfaces and flip equipment), it is necessary to repeatedly study the market demand and study the supportability of the original production equipment and new equipment. If you need to buy a series of supporting equipment because you need to buy new equipment, you need to re-study the necessity and feasibility of buying this device.
   In order to give full play to the effectiveness of the new equipment, the quality of the operator and the management of the enterprise may propose new requirements for packaging and printing. When purchasing a new device, you need to consider whether the existing operator is adapted and whether the training needs; How to deal with it; whether enterprise management needs to be improved, and how to improve.

Hope the article could help with your purchase.